Clásicos para niños en la España Franquista: Una educación patriótica

Abstract

Childrer's education becomes one of the main concerns for the Franco state that is installed in Spain after the civil war in 1939. Children's texts and childlike readings are object of special attention due to their influence in the formation of the new generations in a national-catholic ideology. The adaptations, anthologies of texts for the school and, in general, all types of rewriting of the classics of the Spanish literature for children that are published in the forties and fifty, are utilized to educate in a supposed patriotic and cultural identity, with hardly catholic moral base and of markedly exclusive character. This it is notified so much in the prologues and other para-texts of the editions as in the own one rewriting and even in the comments of the criticism specialized of the moment. The present study analyses this situation, its causes and details. A variety of texts and approaches are presented showing how a rich cultural patrimony has been exploited and diverse to configure a univocal national identity and slanted.