Digital interactions and gender inequality: a study on Instagram use among university students

Abstract

The present study examines how social media, particularly Instagram, serves as a space where gender inequalities and symbolic violence are reproduced and amplified. Using a qualitative methodology based on discussion groups, the study analyzes the experiences of university students in digital environments. Findings reveal that Instagram acts as a hostile space for women, who face high levels of harassment and pressure to conform to hegemonic beauty standards. Although Instagram is portrayed as a platform for empowerment and self-expression, the present study concludes that self-exposure and self-objectification reinforce patriarchal power structures, forcing women to adapt to traditional gender roles. Digital dynamics driven by anonymity and the lack of effective restrictions increase women's risk, heightening unwanted interactions and vulnerability to digital violence. The research suggests the urgency of
education in equality to address these dynamics and create safe digital spaces.